Monday, 11 March 2013

Understanding Interactive Media

Television
Television is one of the most popular forms of entertainment and a big part of the creative media industry. The average British resident watching around twenty hours of television per week. Unlike when television was first released, it has competition from other forms of media such as the internet which allows users to watch t.v shows online. 

There are around 850 independent production companies. These companies are responsible for some of the most notable shows on t.v today such as Big Brother or X Factor which pull great numbers. In 2002, the second series of Big Brother on Channel 4 had an average viewership of 5.8 million. Channel 5's Big Brother series opened with figures just under the 3.5 million mark just losing out to BBC's DIY SOS. http://www.thedrum.com/news/2013/01/04/channel-5-celebrity-big-brother-launch-loses-out-bbc1s-diy-sos-ratings-war

Employment

Sixty-two percent of the UK's television industry is based in London however there are production companies and broadcasting companies in Bristol, Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool and Leeds. Women make up about 40% of the television industry workforce which is a decrease from 2004 when that figure was closer to 50%. http://www.creativeskillset.org/tv/industry/article_6777_1.asp

Media & Interactivity
Nowadays, with television evolving viewers have more options at their fingertips rather than just having the ability to switch channel. Viewers can now pause, rewind and fast forward television that they missed and even pause live tv. Years ago, people would have had to tape something they knew they were going to miss.

Popular shows are now incorporating new media such as Facebook and Twitter to get the audience involved and this will give the viewers more reason to keep watching as their opinions can be heard. An example would be The Nolan Show.

Radio
The radio industry is evolving just as the television industry is. Years ago, people were actually buying radios whereas nowadays people take them for granted. If you buy a television today, it doesn't have to be the most expensive one on the market and it will have radio on there. People can now use their television as a means of listening to radio. Companies such as BBC are a big part of the radio industry with as they have many radio stations available (Radio 1, Radio 2 etc). Radio 5 live, in particular is popular with football fans as they can hear commentary on matches as they're happening while on the road or at home.
'The industry has been growing steadily in recent years and now employs over 22,000 people (more than terrestrial TV) in a wide range of occupations. Employers range in size from the BBC and larger commercial radio groups to not-for-profit community radio stations run mainly by volunteers.' - 

Digital Radio has many benefits over analogue. Digital radios search for available stations automatically which means they are easier to use which is a big factor if you consider the audience using them. There will be also many more stations to choose from, which gives the audience more options. Digital radio has better sound quality and many other benefits over analogue. - Pure - Switchover

Funding
Global Radio logo.pngRadio uses on air advertisements. Big companies will advertise on certain radio stations depending on the size and success of the radio station. Time of the day is also a big part of radio advertising similar to television advertisement. Generally, mornings are more valuable. Commercial broadcasters are funded by these adverts whereas public service stations are funded by either the U.K Government or the license fee.

Many broadcasting companies (BBC) own many radio stations as well as television stations. They will advertise on their to gain consistent income.

Film

516 films
 were released across the UK in 2007, a 58% increase over the decade. UK films, including co-productions, accounted for 21% of releases and 29% of the market by value.

In 2006, the UK film industry contributed £4.3 billion to the UK economy, up from £3.1 billion in 2004. - http://www.creativeskillset.org/film/industry/article_6763_1.asp

The film industry in the UK employs around 30,000 people - The vast majority (62%) are in exhibition, with a third (34%) in production and the remaining 4% in distribution.

Production - This is producing something to be exhibited. After the pre-production, which is the research and planning the filming can then begin. Things that play into the success of production are; experience of the crew, preparation, relations between crew, finance and scale of production. Production - info
Exhibition - This is the viewing. You have to consider where it is being shown, the duration and what exactly gets shown. Making sure no footage will offend any audience.
Distribution - This is all to do with the marketing and promotion of the film. It is much easier for distributors to promote a film successfully if the film has acclaimed actors and directions involved.

Companies & Money
Some notable companies are Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 20th Century Fox, Dreamworks and Universal Studios. They receive money from the film being sold on DVD, merchandise and the film being shown at the cinema. The money received from these events is then split between the sectors, distributors, producers and writers etc.

The Lottery funds filmmakers across the U.K. - British film industry is set to receive millions of pounds worth of extra Lottery money - Metro.

Animation
'Animation companies currently provide employment for around 4,700 people throughout the UK, of whom nearly two fifths are freelance or on short term contracts' - skillset website

Notable animation studios are Aardman Animations, Blue Sky Studios, Cartoon Network Studios and Fox Animation Studios.

Animation's funding depends on the product, if it's a film it will gain money the same way a film does. If it's a small team they'll have to invest themselves and gain money through promotion and selling the product. It is funded by either the animators themselves or the same way as film is funded if the animation is going to be a feature film.


Animation is a popular and creative way for companies to get their brand known. Whether it is stop motion, 2-D or 3-D. Examples of this are Underdog Insurance which uses stop motion, Protect Your Bubble which uses 2-D animation or Microsoft which used stop motion.

Gaming
In the 1980's the gaming industry exploded and has therefore become a household sector in the creative industries. Before this explosion in popularity, there were only 2 or 3 teams that would create games but now there are hundreds across the globe. Two big factors that play a role in the evolution of games are wireless platforms such as mobiles and internet (online gaming & purchasing games online). Social network sites have included games such as Facebook which popularised Farmville. Companies such as EA (Electronic Arts), Activision, Ubisoft,  Rebellion, Square Enix, Blizzard, Rockstar Games and Criterion. All of these companies develop and publish games for consoles made by Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo.

TIGA logoGaming is very profitable, companies promote their games in the same way film teams promote their product with big games being as successful as films, such as Grand Theft Auto IV which was released in 2008 and has sold over 25 million copies across the globe. Call of Duty Black Ops - $650 million within 5 days of being released which set a record and beat Spider-Man 3 (film). 

Electronic Arts logo.svgIndie games are usually self funded as a big publisher isn't going to spend their money on it. However, well-known game developers such as EA will have an impressive resume and a good demo and therefore publishers will be willing to fund their project. Companies like EA are so big now they are publishers as well as developers. 

'The UK games industry employs 9,000 highly skilled development staff, 85 per cent of whom are employed outside of London. 80 per cent of the workforce in game studios such as Blitz, Climax, Exient, Jagex, Kuju Entertainment, Rebellion and Ubisoft Reflections are qualified to degree level or above.' Tiga.org


New Media
New Media is  a user having access to content wherever they may be on a wide ranges of digital devices such as phones. Social Networks are examples of new media. Users can interact with new media in many ways as 'new media' is a very broad term. Accessing messages, social networks blogs or podcasts are all forms of new media.  New Media usually requires a computer or a mobile device for users to interact with it.

Examples
Facebook
Twitter
Forums
Smart TV

Publishing
Publishing categorizes books, journals, magazines, mailing lists and newspapers. Publishing employs over 200,000 people with over 50,000 in the newspaper industry. A lot of these companies are located in London.
'The Publishing industry generates a turnover in the region of £10.1 billion GVA (Gross Value Added) and is one of the biggest earners and exporters for the UK Creative Media Industries. 'Skillset - publishing



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